Essay Sample on Open Field Farming

Essay Sample on Open Field Farming Sample essay on Open Field Farming: Open field farming was a system, which included the village and the people that were living there. Most people that were living in the village owned a strip of land, which they would look after and grow crops on, usually the same crop as the other strip owners. Each strip usually had two to four wide ridges. Common land was for everyone who farmed land and the more land they owned the more animals they could have on the common land. There were problems about squatters on the common land, as they had no right to be on it but some squatters worked as casual labourers so they were sometimes accepted. Crop rotation was when each year a different crop was placed in the place the other crop that was there before so the soil wouldn’t become exhausted. Open field farming was sometimes criticised as animals began to wonder other people’s fields and ruin their crops and vegetation that was growing there. It also annoyed people because if people on one strip of land did not weed their strip then the weeds would grow over to the other person’s strips. Animals also got diseases and were breeding whenever they wanted or pleased. Back then they did not have what we have ‘Selective Breeding’ so the animals young could turn out deformed. Robert Bakewell introduced the first methods of selective breeding and made his own type of sheep called ‘The New Leicester’, which were a very fatty sort of sheep and had a nice big fleece. These sheep were mainly breed to be eaten as back then they loved fatty meats. The colling brothers also used Bakewells methods to produce ‘The Durham Shorthorn’.

Why you put off studying until the last minute and how to deal with it

Why you put off studying until the last minute and how to deal with it Reasons You Don’t Start Studying Until The Last Minute Mostly teachers give students enough time to complete a task; however, very often many students leave the preparation until the last minute. As a result, they are stressed out, exhausted and frustrated. Also, it is more than likely that the quality of the finished task suffered. Let’s have a look at the reasons why this happens and what can be done about it. Fear of the hard work Very often, the difficulty of the task scares you off and makes you put off the studying for later, no matter how important the task is. In fact, if the assignment is really significant, the fear can be even stronger, and, as a result, you end up pushing off the work even further. Fear of failure Feeling that the results of your efforts will be most likely unsatisfactory can make you completely demotivated and immobilized. You realize that the subject that you need to cover is too complicated, and you will not be able to get nice grades for that. Such fear of failure can also make you put off starting your study. Mistakes in personal organization Personal organization is very important in student life. You are responsible for completing different assignments on time. Unfortunately, many students do not create a plan of how to complete a task to fit the deadline, and those who do have a plan may overestimate their abilities and evaluate the amount of time that needs to be spent on studying incorrectly. Such mistakes are common and can cost dearly since poor self-organization can result in falling out of the university or college. What to do You might be one of those students who tend to leave performing important tasks until it is too late. The main solution of the issue is the following – just start studying and, most importantly, start doing it early. Obviously, this advice sounds simple, but, at the same time, extremely difficult to execute for many students. However, leaving studying until the last minute is a habit. Like any habits, it can be changed. If you really want to improve your studying pattern, try incorporating new habits into your student life. Starting study early, organizing yourself, making a plan and following it will bring great results. Being a student, you must realize that the task needs to be completed no matter what. Hence, putting off the preparation of the assignment is meaningless, and it is better to start working on an important task as soon as it is possible. This will save a lot of mental energy and will give you a great sense of accomplishment along with great grades and an appraisal from professors.

MGT499 - Strategic Management Mod 4 SLP Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

MGT499 - Strategic Management Mod 4 SLP - Essay Example nd the overall Starbucks experience warrants an analysis of how well the company manages its internal strengths and weaknesses by optimizing its core competencies and developing its weaknesses that will allow it to achieve its company mission and objectives. One of the biggest strengths of the company lies in the dedicated and exceptionally skilled workforce who is well trained. Company strategy has always been to reward excellence of employees and Starbucks is today among the best companies to work for as per Fortune 500 ratings and Financial Times ratings. With attractive fringe benefits, stock option plans and high wages and salary scales, the Starbucks refers to its employees as partners, promoting commitment and loyalty and this is one of the key resources of the company which is hard to imitate due to â€Å"social complexity† involved ( Barney 1991). The company utilizes this strength in many ways. It has used the service staff’s skills in customer care and overall enthusiasm to create an in store atmosphere that is cozy, friendly and home like that they have branded it as the â€Å"third place† in life. The regular customers are called by name and the Baristas of Starbucks outlets remember their usual drinks. Such customization has been at the cornerstone of Starbucks success. Another internal strength is the Starbucks special SWOT team specializing on stores opening. They have an excellent track record of location scouting and opening new outlets in cost effective and speedy fashion. This strength has allowed the company to make right location decisions and the use of in-house design and fabrication teams has allowed Starbucks to cut costs in outlet openings and also maintain the unique Starbucks ambiance in line with company expectations. Optimization of this strength has allowed the company to drive its expansion plans aggressively. Financial strength and low costs is strength. This is achieved through large scale roasting and milling facilities,

Internet Security Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Internet Security - Research Paper Example the computers being used to access the internet, or the user. The subjects pertaining to the security against these threats are internet safety and internet security. There is a slight difference in internet security and internet safety, with the most basic one being that the former focuses more on the direct safety of a computer network from threats that can attack through the internet, such as viruses or data corruption, while internet safety relates more to the security and safety of the user, such as identity fraud, money scams, false information etc. Although both forms of security threats can are important to understand and counter, this paper will concentrate mostly on the more technical aspect of internet security, and will focus on the various threats that are encountered and the preventative measures taken against them. As mentioned, internet security is the necessary measures taken and rules laid out which make the use of the internet more secure for a user in terms of the safety of their computer from various threats. To understand where these threats rise from it is first important to understand the basic working of the internet. ... IP transfers the required bits of data, firs within each individual network, then between secondary levels of networks, starting from the most basic level, and then progressing regionally and then globally, thus allowing the information to reach from one point to another. TCP checks these bits of data, ensuring they are correctly being transferred and offering corrective feedback measures when they aren’t (Reed, 2004). Data threats enter this system of information management when at any of these many levels data is encrypted and corrupted. To prevent this, a number of measures are taken, which include SSL (Secure Sockets Layer), TLS (Transport Layer Security) and IPsec, with the most effective one being the IPsec protocol, which in turn further uses the AH (Authentication Header) and ESP (Encapsulating Security Payload) protocols as the mechanism for its protection. AP authenticates the data and then sends it further on, and ESP provides confidentiality. All three protocols ba sically revolve around the same principal of securing communication by authenticating the sender at each level where these protocols are implemented, and by encrypting the data so that in case of unwanted interception, it is not altered. Internet security threats are also widely transferred through email messages. Again, understanding how email messages work greatly explains the reason for this. Email messages can also be considered bits of data that are transferred through the many networks of internet, with the main difference being that users can easily edit and change this data at the various levels it is transmitted to. How email messages basically work is that first a user composes a message. This message is converted into a certain standard form and is transferred to the mail

Economic role of the government Essay Example for Free

Economic role of the government Essay Economic systems are identified by how they answer the three questions of what, how, and for whom to produce. Similarly, they are theoretical representations of economies found throughout the world that demonstrate the distribution of control between people and the government. The economic systems exist on a continuum, with command economies on one side and the free markets on the other side. The United States has a free market economy but with a notable amount of government intervention, therefore it has a mixed economy. The government acts as a provider and regulator of the United States mixed economy through setting legal limits and sensible policies for economic functions for the people. In the United States, decisions are made by individuals acting as participants within the market. The federal, state, and local governments, however, make laws protecting private property and regulating certain areas of business. Practiced in the United States today, capitalism would be best defined as an economic system in which individuals own the factors of production, but decide how to use them within legislated limits. Nearly identical to capitalism, the free enterprise system is another definition for the American economy. The free enterprise system emphasizes that individuals are free to own and control aspects of production, yet expands on the fact that government places legal restrictions on freedom of enterprise. Zoning regulations, child-labor laws, hazardous waste rules, and other regulations limit free enterprise to protect the anticipated entrepreneur and his or her surroundings. When such rules are established, freedom has is boundaries and is considered a privilege. Consumers in a market economy have the advantage of being able to choose among products. Contrasting to freedom of enterprise, freedom of choice applies to only the buyers, not the sellers. Although buyers are free to make choices, the market has grown into an increasingly complex place. A consumers choice determines the success or failure of a good or service. The profit incentive is the desire to make a profit. This motivates entrepreneurs to establish new businesses, expand existing ones, and change the kinds of goods and services produced. The government has intervened in various areas of the economy to protect buyers. From a simple requirement  for companies to place warning labels on potentially dangerous products to regulating the prices that a company may charge, the government arbitrates in company dealings to help keep all consumers relatively satisfied and secure in their purchases. One of the most important characteristics of capitalism and free enterprise is the right to private property. That is, property not owned by federal, state, or local governments, but rather held by a person or persons. The right to all property-land, business, automobiles, and whatever else the person can afford-aids in the production of wealth and prosperity for all. According to the Constitution, the government has no power to seize private property unless payment is given to the individual. What are called the rights of property are the rights to risk investment and acquire new ways of producing while learning the benefits and downfalls of ownership. Among the economic goals of Americans are economic freedom, economic security, economic stability, and economic growth. To obtain these goals, individual opinions along with government decisions must fall into equilibrium. In order to have a well-functioning enterprise system, individuals are required to take on certain economic responsibilities. Such responsibilities include attempting to rise as a successful entrepreneur and obtaining the knowledge of possible government policies while analyzing the consequences of those policies. The United States illustrates the characteristics of a mixed economy by combining freedom of choice, the desire to make profit, and the right to property with government regulations.

Virtual Reality is more than Reality :: science

Virtual Reality is more than Reality The science of Virtual Reality has stated its presence in the media and now it is turning the eyes to see the new generation of games and 3D application. However, like the Art in the beginning of our modern society it needs to become much more matured than it has proven until now. The types of maturity that I want to talk about are the technology and its use. The technology that we have can be better used in the Virtual Reality fields, as well as the Virtual Reality can be better used as it is used today. In the old type of Virtual Reality, the scientist or the user was focusing more on the ideal image of the real world. Therefore, VR was more like a reflection of the real world or it was intend to be like that. This was in the beginnings! At that time, the technology and the devices were under-developed. They did not support much of high quality graphics and processor power to achieve the desired reflection of the real world nor the input devices. The obvious thing that the scientist or researcher was focusing was on the improvements of the techniques than how to use the technique. We can compare the stage with the early ages in the history of picture art. At that time, the artists were focusing on the technique of making the paintings increasingly accurate. The important outcome was how close was the picture to the real image of the world. After improving the technique, they shifted to more sophisticated techniques in which the outcome was not so much close to the real world but to other aspects of the imagination. The Virtual Reality evolution seems close to the idea presented above. We have now a good technique, and we have gained the technologies to support a good environment for Virtual Reality. What we need is a better usage than we have in our days. Which are: simulations, games and small virtual communities. However, is this all that we can get from this field? Is this all that Virtual Reality has to offer us? I don't think so. I think that it is about time to make research on new types of virtual realities than it was done so far. New types of features that can feed our imagination, feelings and senses much more than we can conceive in real world.

Analysis of Myth of Total Cinema: Bazin

The Myth of Total Cinema Andre Bazin in his article, The Myth of Total Cinema, asserts that motivation behind cinema is realism. He explains his theory by examining the technology of cinema. He argues that cinema was not born from the technology advancement but rather from innate desire to reproduce the realism of our world. â€Å"The basic technical discoveries [are] fortunate accidents†¦ essentially second in importance to the preconceived ideas of the inventors† (Bazin, 200). What Bazin means is that the invention of technology was not to gain profit rather to replicate and reproduce our real world on screen.Though he does argue that some were in it for the profit of the technology. Inventors of photography and cinema thought about what they will show and reproduce primarily to how they will achieve the reality of the world. In another words, the essential drive to reproduce the real led to the production of technology. The desire for realism did not come from the prod uction of technology. Bazin goes on to explain that our understanding of cinema should not derive from the technology but from the reality that is perceived through the reproduction. Related article: Odeon Cinema PestleBazin goes on to state that: â€Å"The guiding myth, then, inspiring the invention of cinema, is the accomplishment of that which dominated in a more or less vague fashion all the techniques of the mechanical reproduction of reality in the nineteenth century, from photography to phonograph, namely an integral realism, a recreation of the world in its own image, an image unburdened by the freedom of interpretation of the artist or the irreversibility of time† (Bazin, 202). What he is trying to elucidate is that the guiding myth of realism and cinema should be the production of cinema unburdened by an artist’s interpretation or subjectivity.It also means that the time is not restricted. In addition Bazin continues, â€Å"The real primitives of the cinema, existing only in the imaginations of a few men of the nineteenth century, are in complete imitation of nature† (Bazin, 202). He is stating that a real cinema is established by t hose who dream of cinema as a replicate of nature. Bazin concludes that the myth of total cinema is ‘realism’, and that it has been a part of every man before invention of technology. Bazin’s article is very interesting and reasonable but his arguments only justify one side of the story.Cinema is not only a tool for reproduction of nature but also an apparatus for fantasy and dreams. It can be argued, I too agree, that the development of technology was created for the purpose of recreating nature, but the development of technology has advanced artistically. This artistic development of technology has aided many in creating their imagination that are beyond reality. For example, the film, Inception, contains scenes that are impossible to film in reality. Scenes containing upside buildings, never ending stairs, buildings crumbling and etc. are very difficult to accomplish without the help of the advancing technology. Yet the advancing technology has made it possibl e to create the impossible. What I am trying to say is that the story of Inception was not created prior to the advancement of technology but after. The story of the film was thought out with the possibilities of the technology in mind. Bazin maybe correct in stating that cinema was essentially the instinctive drive of human desire to reconstruct and imitate reality though we can argue that it is not the ‘only’ drive of cinema.

Business Organization Essay

In 2005 my aunt left me an inheritance. It was a large sum of money. There was a stipulation to receiving this gift. I needed to invest in a company of my choice. My last employer was a cleaning company and I approached my old employer with a proposition. I and another business partner that I convinced in investing with me would organize a joint-stock company. This was to be a private partnership, as well as a limited partnership. So I approached him with this idea and he agreed. So after several negotiations the other investor and I devoted the majority of shares to this company. We received a registrar of completion certificate for this joint company venture and we expected our common seal to come next. We also had to increase the liability insurance before registering with state authorities as a Limited Liability company (LLC). With this Partnership all investing parties agreed that there would be a semi-annual information report to look at income deductions and any gains or losses that the company might occur. This is to insure mutual interests and success. The semiannual meetings would also indemnify any problems or debatable issues. It is now 2010 and the company has developed into a four person joint stock company, opening three more cleaning offices and we are in the process of franchising. In 2000 I had a dream and that was to open a gym called Anytime Fitness. Well, this dream was put on hold when I invested in other enterprises. So, I talked to my wife and she agreed to help me open up this fitness facility and she would have sole proprietorship and I would be a silent partner. I give thanks in my prayer to my aunt who gave me this opportunity.

Netmeeting Instructions Essays - User Interface Techniques

Netmeeting Instructions Essays - User Interface Techniques Netmeeting Instructions On the 'Call' menu, click 'Host Meeting'. Name the conference, assign a password, and click to select the appropriate check boxes. On the 'Call' menu, click 'New Call'. Add all of the appropriate people to the meeting call. 1) Click the 'Start' button on the taskbar, point to 'Programs', and then click 'NetMeeting'. NOTE: When using Windows 2000, it may be necessary to point to 'Programs', point to 'Accessories', point to 'Communications', and then click 'NetMeeting'. 2) On the 'Call' menu, click 'Host Meeting'. 3) In the 'Host Meeting' dialog box, type the appropriate information in the 'Meeting Name' and 'Meeting Password' boxes. NOTE: The meeting password is only used if you require security for people calling into the meeting. They must be informed what the password for the meeting is prior to the meeting time. If the host is placing all of the calls to the participants, a password is unnecessary. 4) Under 'Meeting Settings' and 'Meeting Tools', click to select the appropriate check boxes, and then click 'OK'. Meeting settings 5) For each person to be added to the meeting: a) Click the 'Place Call' button. 'Place Call' button b) In the 'Place a Call' dialog box, in the 'To' box, type or click a name, and then click 'Call'. (Each person added to the call will be shown in the list box.) NOTE: As a person is added to the call, a 'Meeting Properties' dialog box will appear on their PC, informing them of the meeting name, and tools or actions that will or will not be accessible to them. The settings will remain active until the host hangs up the call. To review the settings at any time, on the 'Call' menu, click 'Meeting Properties'. ils.microsoft.com/

The Medieval Joseon Dynasty of Korea

The Medieval Joseon Dynasty of Korea The Joseon Dynasty (1392 to 1910), often spelled Choson or Cho-sen and pronounced Choh-sen, is the name of the last pre-modern dynastic rule in the Korean peninsula, and its politics, cultural practices and architecture reflect an explicitly Confucian flavor. The dynasty was established as a reformation of the hitherto Buddhist traditions as exemplified by the preceding Goryeo dynasty (918 to 1392). According to historical documentation, the Joseon dynastic rulers rejected what had become a corrupt regime, and reconstructed Korean society into the precursors of what is today considered one of most Confucian countries in the world. Confucianism, as practiced by the Joseon rulers, was more than simply a philosophy, it was a major course of cultural influence and an overriding social principle. Confucianism, a political philosophy based on the teachings of the 6th century BC Chinese scholar Confucius, emphasizes the status quo and social order, as a trajectory aimed towards creating a utopian society. Confucius and Social Reformation Joseon kings and their Confucian scholars based much of what they perceived as the ideal state on Confucius stories of the legendary Yao and Shun regimes. This ideal state is perhaps best represented in a scroll painted by An Gyeon, the official court painter to Sejong the Great  (ruled 1418 to 1459). The scroll is titled Mongyudowondo or Dream Journey to the Peach Blossom Land, and it tells of Prince Yi Yongs (1418 to 1453) dream of a secular paradise supported by a simple agricultural life. Son (2013) argues that the painting (and perhaps the princes dream) was likely based in part on the Chinese utopian poem written by the Jin dynasty poet Tao Yuanming (Tao Qian 365 to 427). Dynastic Royal Buildings The first ruler of the Joseon Dynasty was King Taejo, who declared Hanyang (later to be renamed Seoul and today called Old Seoul) as his capital city. The center of Hanyang was his main palace, Gyeongbok, constructed in 1395. Its original foundations were built according to feng shui, and it remained the main residence for the dynastic families for two hundred years. Gyeonbok, along with most of the buildings in the heart of Seoul, was burned down after the Japanese invasion of 1592. Of all the palaces, Changdeok Palace was the least damaged and so was rebuilt shortly after the war ended and then used as the main residential palace for Joseon leaders. In 1865, King Gojong had the entire palace complex rebuilt and established residence and the royal court there in 1868. All of these buildings were damaged when the Japanese invaded in 1910, ending the Joseon Dynasty. Between 1990 and 2009, the Gyeongbok Palace complex was restored and is today open to the public. Funeral Rites of Joseon Dynasty Of the many reformations of the Joseons, one of the highest priority was that of the funeral ceremony. This particular reformation had considerable impacts on 20th-century archaeological investigations of Joseon society. The process resulted in the preservation of a wide variety of clothing, textiles, and papers from the 15th through 19th centuries, not to mention mummified human remains. Funeral rites during the Joseon Dynasty, as described in the Garye books such as the Gukjo-ore-ui, strictly prescribed the construction of tombs for the members of the elite ruling class of Joseon society, beginning in the late 15th century AD. As described by the neo-Confucian Song Dynasty scholar Chu Hsi (1120-1200), first a burial pit was excavated and a mixture of water, lime, sand, and soil were spread on the bottom and the lateral walls. The lime mixture was allowed to harden to a near-concrete consistency. The body of the deceased was placed in at least one and often two wooden coffins, and the entire burial covered with another layer of the lime mixture, also allowed to harden. Finally, an earthen mound was built over the top. This process, known to archaeologists as lime-soil-mixture-barrier (LSMB), creates a concrete-like jacket that preserved virtually intact coffins, grave goods, and human remains, including over a thousand pieces of very well preserved clothing for the entire 500 year period of their use Joseon Astronomy Some recent research on Joseon society has been focused on the astronomical capabilities of the royal court. Astronomy was a borrowed technology, adopted and adapted by the Joseon rulers from a series of different cultures; and the results of these investigations are of interest to the history of science and technology. Joseon astronomical records, studies of sundial construction, and the meaning and mechanics of a  clepsydra made by Jang Yeong-sil in 1438 have all received investigations by archaeoastronomers in the last couple of years. Sources Choi J-D. 2010.  The palace, the city and the past: controversies surrounding the rebuilding of the Gyeongbok Palace in Seoul, 1990–2010.  Planning Perspectives  25(2):193-213.Kim SH, Lee YS, and Lee MS. 2011.  A Study on the Operation Mechanism of Ongnu, the Astronomical Clock in Sejong Era.  Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences  28(1):79-91.Lee E-J, Oh C, Yim S, Park J, Kim Y-S, Shin M, Lee S, and Shin D. 2013.  Collaboration of Archaeologists, Historians and Bioarchaeologists During Removal of Clothing from Korean Mummy of Joseon Dynasty.  International Journal of Historical Archaeology 17(1):94-118.Lee E-J, Shin D, Yang HY, Spigelman M, and Yim S. 2009.  Eung Taes tomb: a Joseon ancestor and the letters of those that loved him.  Antiquity  83(319):145-156.Lee K-W. 2012.  Analysis of Korean astronomical records with Chinese equatorial coordinates.  Astronomische Nachrichten  333(7):648-659.Lee K-W, Ahn YS, and Mihn B-H. 2012.  Verification o f the calendar days of the Joseon Dynasty.  Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society  45:85-91. Lee K-W, Ahn Y-S, and Yang H-J. 2011.  Study on the system of night hours for decoding Korean astronomical records of 1625–1787.  Advances in Space Research  48(3):592-600.Lee K-W, Yang H-J, and Park M-G. 2009.  Orbital elements of comet C/1490 Y1 and the Quadrantid shower.  Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society  400:1389-1393.Lee YS, and Kim SH. 2011.  A Study for the Restoration of the Sundials in King Sejong Era.  Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences  28(2):143-153.Park HY. 2010.  HERITAGE TOURISM: Emotional Journeys into Nationhood.  Annals of Tourism Research  37(1):116-135.Shin DH, Oh CS, Lee SJ, Chai JY, Kim J, Lee SD, Park JB, Choi I-h, Lee HJ, and Seo M. 2011.  Paleo-parasitological study on the soils collected from archaeological sites in old district of Seoul City.  Journal of Archaeological Science  38(12):3555-3559.Shin DH, Oh CS, Shin YM, Cho CW, Ki HC, and Seo M. 2013  The pattern of ancient parasite egg contaminati on in the private residence, alley, ditch and streambed soils of Old Seoul City, the Capital of Joseon Dynasty.  International Journal of Paleopathology  3(3):208-213. Son H. 2013.  Images of the future in South Korea.  Futures  52:1-11.

Modeling the Exchange Rate and Balance of Payments Essay

Modeling the Exchange Rate and Balance of Payments - Essay Example Many countries use financial institutions, central banks, to invest in several monetary and financial systems and other resources in their quest to predict exchange rate and determine international trade as well as a balance of payment. Several theories have been forwarded to determine the value of exchange rate and balance of payments, and in this summary, we will discuss the determinants of a balance of trade, the IS-LM-BP approach and the monetary approach in relation to the two (Melvin and Norrbin, 225). The elasticity approach to the balance of trade explains that the economic behavior involves satisfaction of the unlimited wants with limited resources. One effect of this is that consumers and business firms end up substituting the expensive good for the more affordable ones as prices change to stretch their budgets as far as they can. Relative prices normally change relative to demand and supply for individual goods. Such changes may be caused by an alteration in tastes, the method of production, government taxes, or subsidies amongst other possible causes. If the changes concern the prices of goods at home relative to the foreign goods, the international trade patterns may actually be altered. The elasticity approach to the balance of trade involves the way changing of relative prices of the domestic and foreign goods will affect and possibly change the balance of trade. Furthermore, it provides an analysis of how the issue of devaluation affects the balance of trade in relation t o the elasticity of supply and demand for foreign exchange and foreign goods in the concerned market (Melvin and Norrbin 226). The devaluation of a country’s currency domestically normally raises the price of foreign goods in relation to the domestic goods within that country.